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Here's an interesting reference text that Coltrane reportedly used. Seems like its somewhat popular for getting new patterns to base improv on. On that same idea, if you keep transcriptions of interesting phrases you hear, you can build up your own source book of patterns to incorporate. With the added benefit that they're tailored to personal taste.

Beyond exposing yourself to new patterns, I'm of the opinion that understanding theory underlies all masterful practice. There are always ideas that emerge from deeper looks at why music works.